Mokless Girgis Piano Information

Author: Mike Hayes

"Mode" is a musical term referring to the displacement of a scale if, for example a scale has five different notes, as the Pentatonic scale does, then it has five different modes.

Sooner or later the serious student of the guitar develops an interest in improvisation. This most stimulating activity need not, be confined to Jazz Improvisation, but can be practiced on all styles the student is able to appreciate and comprehend.Country/Rock, Blues, Metal, Jazz, all provide ample room for improvisation.

Modes

In ancient Greece the modes were the strong pylons upon which the Greeks built their musical bridges. They are certainly not recent inventions. As long ago as the 4th century B.C. Pythagoras and the Greek thinkers had derived a system which almost corresponds with the series of white keys on the present- day piano. It is not,therefore, surprising to find these ancient Greek modes gradually being recognized as important facets in our musical language. There is an undoubted fascination with these magical scales and one simply must be determined to work and be alert to the sounds they create and above all be patient.

How the modes work:

If we were looking at a piano keyboard we would notice that without the black keys there are 8 octaves of the C major scale. If you run your finger left to right along the white keys you will be playing , the scale of C major even though you happen to start on a note other than C. This musical fact is the essence of the modes. A scale can be played from any of it's notes to any other of it's without moving into another key. Actually if you were to play the scale of C major from F to F an octave higher you would be playing a nodal scale based on the key of C and the scale would be called F Lydian.

In each major scale there are seven modes because the major scale have seven different notes, if we were working with a pentatonic scale (containg five notes) we would have five modes to work with; one for each degree.

Learn the following table -

Play a major scale from note 1 to note 1 above = IONIAN MODE

Play a major scale from note 2 to note 2 above = DORIAN MODE

Play a major scale from note 3 to note 3 above = PHRYGIAN MODE

Play a major scale from note 4 to note 4 above = LYDIAN MODE

Play a major scale from note 5 to note 5 above = MIXO-LYDIAN MODE

Play a major scale from note 6 to note 6 above = AEOLIAN MODE

Play a major scale from note 7 to note 7 above = LOCRIAN MODE

Play a major scale from note 8 to note 8 above = note 1 to 1

All examles above are shown in the key of C major however the advancing guitarist should practice the modes in every key. The same formula works for each key:

note 1 to 1 always = IONIAN

note 2 to 2 always = DORIAN

note 3 to 3 always = PHRYGIAN

note 4 to 4 always = LYDIAN

note 5 to 5 always = MIXO-LYDIAN

note 6 to 6 always = AEOLIAN

note 7 to 7 always = LOCRIAN

note 8 to 8 always = note 1 to 1

Each modes unique sequence of intervals creates a mode's unique musical "quality" or flavor.

The following descriptions are "intuitive" and are meant to serve only as a general guide to the modes' individual differences, resulting from their unique intervallic makeup.

Ionian Mode

Description The Ionian Mode is the scale you get when you play one octave up from the first note of a major scale. This mode has the same step-pattern as the major scale, which means, C Ionian is also the C major scale. This mode has a naturally occurring dominant fifth chord, which indicates the fifth note G (in C Ionian) can be used as a dominant chord; i.e. G7. This pure and happy sounding mode can be heard in nursery rhymes such as Twinkle Twinkle Little Star and I'm a Little Tea Pot.

Quality Happy, Merry, Upbeat, Cheerful

Music Styles Rock, Country, Jazz, Fusion, Folk Songs, Nursery Rhymes

Tonic Chords Unaltered major chords; i.e. C, C6, Cmaj7, Cmaj9, C6/9, Cadd9, Cmaj13

Improvising Try the C Ionian over this chord progression: C, F, G7, C

Dorian Mode

Description The Dorian Mode is the scale you get when you play one octave up from the second note of a major scale. D Dorian starts on the second note of the C major scale, keep in mind the dorian mode refers to the second note of a major scale. Dorian is a minor sounding mode, which, is commonly used in Jazz, Blues and Irish folk songs. This mode can be heard in the folk song Scarborough Fair and the timeless classic Eleanor Rigby by the Beatles. The Dorian Mode differs from the major scale because it has a flat 3rd (b3) and a flat 7th note (b7).

Quality Jazzy, Soulful, Sophisticated

Music Styles Jazz, Blues, Fusion, Rock

Tonic Chords Unaltered minor chords; i.e. Dm, Dm6, Dm7, Dm7sus4, Dm9, Dm11, Dm13

Improvising Try the D Dorian over this chord progression: Dm7, Fmaj7, Cmaj7, Em7 .

Author: Paul Tobey

As someone who has lived through 3 incredibly painful bouts of tendonitis, both in my left arm and right arm, I thought it important to pass on some information that has helped me deal with this in the past.

It is important to understand that playing the piano can cause serious injuries such as tendonitis and carpel tunnel syndrome. Both these ailments are known as repetitive strain injuries. The constant up and down, side to side movement of the arms and fingers when playing piano for long periods of time is what causes these injuries.

This is common among piano players. In fact, it is so common that there is a special clinic in Hamilton, Ontario called the Musician's Clinics of Canada that deals with the prevention and rehabilitation of musician injuries. Naturally their patients include other instrumentalists like violin and guitar but, pianist injuries are certainly among the most common.

What can be done when a pianist gets tendonitis or carpel tunnel syndrome? Well, certainly there are conventional methods of dealing with the inflammation and pain. Unfortunately these types of treatments such as; anti-inflammatories, pain medications and physio therapy are designed to treat the symptoms. Therefore, once the pianist goes back to playing the piano without being completely healed the injuries can re-occur and in the end be quite difficult to get rid of.

It is not uncommon for tendonitis to stick around for very long periods of time. In my case, I once had a problem with my right arm that took almost 3 years to get better. The problem is of course that, as a professional I can't possibly just stop playing the piano. I can take breaks in between concerts but usually I can only take up to a month's rest at a time.

So, how can these injuries be cured while still continuing to play? It's important to understand that not every case is the same but, for me, I actually had to re-learn how to play the piano the correct way. I realized, after visiting the musician's clinic, that I had the completely wrong approach to playing piano. Specifically, I was too close to the keyboard, I had the wrong wrist position, the wrong finger position and I didn't understand the concept of leverage.

Leverage means to use the entire body to create volume on the piano. I was trying to create volume by forcing the keys down with forearm strength instead of using the entire body. Therefore, my arm muscles and joints suffered from the strain of trying to play too loud. What I eventually realized, with the help of the musician's clinic doctor was that, I needed to create velocity as opposed to force. Once the key reached the bottom of its natural movement it can go no further. Yet, I was trying to force the note passed its end without even realizing it.

The correct way is to drive the note down with extra velocity using the back, shoulders, biceps, arms, wrists and fingers and then release at the exact moment the key reaches its lowest point. Therefore, it's the velocity of the hammer hitting the string that creates volume. Knowing when to let up is very important in the fight to prevent injury.

In terms of moving the piano bench back, I had to learn also to sit with better upright posture and to generate leverage using my entire body. It's easier to do this with the right foot (pedal foot) forward and the left foot back under the bench. Then as you pivot forward and backward on the bench you have more balance and leverage.